What is the role of vaccines in preventing HIV-related infections?

• A. Vaccinations should be given as appropriate to prevent infections in people living with HIV
• B. Vaccinations are contraindicated in HIV
• C. Vaccinations replace prophylaxis
• D. Vaccinations are unnecessary for people with HIV

Answer: (A)

Vaccines are a preventive tool to protect people living with HIV from additional infections that can be more severe when the immune system is compromised. The best approach is to vaccinate as appropriate, guided by immune status and safety guidelines. Inactivated vaccines are generally safe for people with HIV and are recommended to prevent common infections such as influenza, pneumococcus, and hepatitis B. Live attenuated vaccines may be avoided or used with caution in those with significant immunosuppression (for example, low CD4 counts); when immune function is adequate, some live vaccines can be given under medical supervision. Vaccinations work alongside antiretroviral therapy and other preventive measures, not instead of them. It’s not correct to say vaccines are contraindicated or unnecessary or that they replace prophylaxis.